Twisted Ankle vs Sprain: How Are They Different?

Ankle injuries are usual and frequent, often affecting athletes and physically active people. Two common visiting terms are ‘twisted ankle’ and ‘sprain.’ These two terms might sound similar, and at times, they are used interchangeably, but they refer to two different conditions. 

Anatomy of the Ankle 

The ankle is one of the most important and intricate joints. It is formed by bones, ligaments, tendons, and muscles. Such bones are the tibia, fibula, and superior aspect of the talus. Ligaments are strong elastic tissues that hold these bones and keep the joint stable.

Tendons, on the other hand, attach muscles to bones and are responsible for movements, while muscles are responsible for the forces required for movements.

What is a Twisted Ankle? 

A twisted ankle also known as a rolled ankle, results from a force that spins the foot inwards or outwards resulting in a twist of the ankle beyond its normal limit. This unusual movement may cause stretching or even rupture of the ligaments which are located around the ankle joint. 

Causes of a Twisted Ankle 

1. Uneven Surfaces: Abrupt twisting of the foot can occur during walking or running on terrains such as on sand or on a rough floor.
2. Inappropriate Footwear: Sometimes you can end up with a twisted ankle or when they are shoes that ill-fit.    
3. Physical Activities: Sports that involve high impact or frequent changes in the direction of movements can contribute to the formation of these cracks.

What is a Sprain? 

A sprain refers to an injury involving the ligaments whereby they are pulled beyond their elasticity. Sprains can occur in any ligament but are common in the ankle. Ankle sprains are classified into three grades: 

1. Grade I: First degree with slight inflammation of the ligament and slight separation of its fibers. 
2. Grade II: Moderate sprain with partial avulsion of the ligament.
3. Grade III: Third-degree sprain – complete tear in the ligament.

Causes of an Ankle Sprain 

1. Accidental Falls: This can lead to overstretching or tearing of the ligaments when one lands improperly on the foot.
2. Sports Injuries: Sprains are common in sports where athletes are required to jump, run or change direction quickly.
3. Weak Muscles or Ligaments: Ankle instability from muscle or ligament weakness is another factor that makes one more vulnerable.

Symptoms

Here is a list of twisted ankle vs sprain ankle symptoms :

Symptoms of a Twisted Ankle 

1. Pain: Sudden severe pain at the area that’s affected. 
2. Swelling: It is normal for the ankle to become swollen shortly after the occurrence of the injury.
3. Bruising: Skin discoloration could be seen around the area of the ankle.
4. Limited Mobility: Pain that hinders movement of the ankle joint and also may affect walking ability.

Symptoms of an Ankle Sprain  

1. Pain: Varies from mild to severe, depending on the grade of the sprain.
2. Swelling: The ankle will swell and may feel tender to the touch.
3. Bruising: There may be bruising around the affected area.
4. Instability: The ankle may feel unstable and unable to bear weight.

Key Differences Between a Twisted Ankle and a Sprain 

1. Nature of Injury: A twisted ankle refers to the mechanism of injury (how the foot twisted), whereas a sprain describes the actual damage to the ligaments.
2. Severity: A twisted ankle can range from a minor inconvenience to a more serious injury if ligaments are damaged. A sprain, however, always involves ligament damage and is classified by its severity.
3. Symptoms: While both injuries can cause pain, swelling, and bruising, a sprain often results in more pronounced instability and greater pain intensity, especially in higher-grade sprains.

Diagnosing Twisted Ankles and Sprains

Proper diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment. A healthcare professional will typically:

1. Conduct a Physical Examination: Assess the range of motion, pain level, and areas of tenderness.
2. Order Imaging Tests: X-rays can rule out fractures, while MRI or ultrasound can assess ligament damage.

Treatment Options

For a Twisted Ankle

1. Rest: Avoid putting weight on the affected foot.
2. Ice: Apply ice packs to reduce swelling and pain.
3. Compression: Use an elastic bandage to compress the area and limit swelling.
4. Elevation: Keep the ankle elevated above heart level to reduce swelling.
5. Pain Relief: Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen can help manage pain and inflammation.

For an Ankle Sprain

1. Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation (RICE): Follow the RICE protocol for initial treatment.
2. Immobilization: Severe sprains may require a brace or splint to immobilize the ankle.
3. Physical Therapy: Exercises to restore strength, flexibility, and stability.
4. Surgery: Rarely, in severe cases where the ligament is completely torn, surgery may be necessary.

Recovery Time

Recovery time varies depending on the severity of the injury. A mild twisted ankle may heal within a few days to a week, while a severe sprain might take several weeks to months for full recovery. It’s essential to follow medical advice and not rush the healing process to avoid re-injury.

Prevention Tips

1. Wear proper footwear: Ensure shoes fit well and provide adequate support.
2. Warm-Up and Stretch: Before engaging in physical activities, warm up and stretch the muscles around the ankle.
3. Strengthening Exercises: Perform exercises to strengthen the muscles and ligaments around the ankle.
4. Be Cautious on Uneven Surfaces: Take care when walking or running on uneven terrain.

When to See a Doctor

Seek medical attention if:

1. Severe Pain: Intense pain that does not improve with rest and home care.
2. Significant Swelling: Persistent swelling that does not subside.
3. Inability to Bear Weight: If you cannot put weight on the injured foot.
4. Instability: Feeling of the ankle giving way or being unstable.

For expert care and personalized treatment for twisted ankle vs sprain injuries, trust Pro Foot Doctors. Their dedicated team of podiatrists is ready to guide you towards a swift and effective recovery, ensuring every step you take is pain-free and confident.

Conclusion

Understanding the differences between a twisted ankle and a sprain can help in recognizing the severity of the injury and seeking appropriate treatment. While both conditions involve the ankle and share similar symptoms, they differ in the nature and extent of the damage. 

Prompt and proper treatment, along with preventive measures, can aid in a quicker recovery and help prevent future injuries. If in doubt, always consult with a healthcare professional to ensure the best care for your ankle injury.

Related Questions

1. Are a sprained ankle and a twisted ankle the same?

No, a twisted ankle refers to the mechanism of the injury, while a sprain specifically involves ligament damage.

2. Is a twisted ankle the same as a sprain?

A twisted ankle describes the foot’s unnatural movement, whereas a sprain indicates ligament injury, which may result from a twist.

3. What is the difference between a sprained ankle and a twisted ankle?

A twisted ankle describes the movement causing the injury; a sprain refers to ligament damage, classified by severity and requiring specific treatment.